tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26927999327954593732024-03-06T04:22:57.193+03:00Laikipia Rural Voices (LRV)This Blog is supported by Arid Lands Information Network (ALIN) through Ng'arua Maarifa Centre.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.comBlogger735125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-56220771958807852392018-09-03T14:54:00.000+03:002018-09-03T15:02:27.658+03:00sun flower farming out reach<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b>By Simon Munyeki</b></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-BP610EllwRg/W40eQL6TAhI/AAAAAAAAD9o/Nb43LZou-lo9VXGuwM43o_w2XEmbtwy7QCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07339.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-BP610EllwRg/W40eQL6TAhI/AAAAAAAAD9o/Nb43LZou-lo9VXGuwM43o_w2XEmbtwy7QCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07339.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">mr. simon munyeki training farmers on digital repository</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Ngarua maarifa centre jointly with
the ministry of agriculture and other stake holders held a farmers outreach at
makutano area of ol-moran<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ward on August
29<sup>th</sup> 2018 with the aim of sensitizing farmers on the importance of
sun flower farming and its economic value compared to regular annual crop they
have been farming for years without much profits as compared to sun flower
which takes three-four months to maturity.</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Sunflower is one of the leading
crops in oil production worldwide at third place from Soya and palm taking
first and second place respectively, its also a good raw material for animal
feeds production. This crop requires well drained loam soil, for maximum production,
a farmer should observe the following steps of production. The field should be
well ploughed and hallowed in order to have the soil hard pans broken to
promote uniform germination, this is because sunflower seeds are small in size.
Seed rate of four kgs per acre is recommended and spacing of 75cm between rows
and 30cm plant to another.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Although farmers are hesitant in
embracing new crops that are introduced to them due to lack of market
information and the economic value of the crop, sun flower farming in olmoran
ward and laikipia in general have gladly taken up this challenge and are
enjoying huge profits in sunflower farming as compared to maize and wheat
production they were used to for the past years.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k6hciIHCSz4/W40eqSOCcNI/AAAAAAAAD9w/a9zJoe6Q3Qsm9mpRTxTZU1mST3qxV0PuACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07324.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k6hciIHCSz4/W40eqSOCcNI/AAAAAAAAD9w/a9zJoe6Q3Qsm9mpRTxTZU1mST3qxV0PuACLcBGAs/s400/DSC07324.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">farmers during a training session</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
The county government of laikipia
through the ministry of agriculture is promoting sunflower production by
linking farmers and buyers through contract farming. Through this initiative,
the produce has a ready market and at a competitive price making sure that no
single grain that goes to waste in this venture. With introduction of other
stake holders like JIELIMISHE who are one of the main sun flower oil producers
based in Nyahururu, farmers are getting ready market without having to worry of
being exploited by middle men.<br />
<br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Name; Martha<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wanjiku</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Contacts; 0729702528</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
“All the years that I have been
farming maize, I haven’t been getting good profits due to low prices of our
produce during harvesting season but since I started growing sun flower I have
realized high profit margins cultivating the same size of land as maize, this
is because I harvest three times in a year and the market is never saturated as
opposed to when I was growing maize” said <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mrs Martha Wanjiku said.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Name; John Gituku</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Contacts; 0727395312</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
“Sunflower is the best crop that I
have ever grown in my farm since I started farming 30 yrs ago because it take
short time to mature and it has a good market price as compared to maize or
wheat that I have been farming in the previous years, although birds are a big
challenge when there are no other people who have planted sunflower in the
neighborhood, I still have to enjoy double profit as compared to maize because
when I take sunflower seeds for oil extraction I get both the oil and seed cake
for my animals,”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>said<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Mr.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Githuku .</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sYU4GhXSZM0/W40evCSBO5I/AAAAAAAAD90/4LDMUYFjwvIQg8UH1S-9ZfNKTPXCjcZrwCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07323.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sYU4GhXSZM0/W40evCSBO5I/AAAAAAAAD90/4LDMUYFjwvIQg8UH1S-9ZfNKTPXCjcZrwCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07323.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">mr moses lokwawi, ministry of agriculture traininig farmers</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Name; mwaura Ihugo</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Contacts; 0720829488</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
“I have been farming maize for
twenty years now and lately I have not been making good profits as I was
earlier when I started farming, this is because<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>of high prices of farm inputs and also the fall army worms infestation that
was not there years back. With the knowledge that I have gained today on sun
flower production I will now switch to sunflower farming,” said Mr. Ihugo <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-1436340163680592392018-08-02T13:38:00.000+03:002018-08-02T14:18:04.911+03:00laikipia Gold<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<b>By Simon Munyeki</b></div>
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Although farmers in laikipia have
mainly over relied on maize production and livestock keeping due to its <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>arid climatic conditions <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>introduction of other different crops has not
been well embraced by the local communities who are not well informed on the
benefits of such crops such as the sunflower.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jGj1F0zsjOo/W2Ldz6bRuCI/AAAAAAAAD9Q/zb9kB5JY-tIhDdYGNBPkMgMMVjc4SyRywCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07313.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jGj1F0zsjOo/W2Ldz6bRuCI/AAAAAAAAD9Q/zb9kB5JY-tIhDdYGNBPkMgMMVjc4SyRywCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07313.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">sunflower inter cropped with maize</td></tr>
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Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO) through its community trainers has taken up the challenge of promoting
cultivation of sunflower in Olmoran ward and laikipia county in general. Although
sunflower does well when planted alone in the field farmers in olmoran have been
intercropping it with the maize fearing that sunflower may not be more
profitable as maize.</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
When planting sunflower, a farmer
must consider type of the soil on which he/she intends to plant, the soil
should be well fertile, well drained to avoid water logging which is not good
for sunflower production. Land should be well prepared and hard soil pans
broken before planting the sunflower seeds to promote even germination of seeds,
two kilograms of sunflower seeds are recommended per acre in order to achieve a
plant population of 800-1000 plants per acre use of organic manure during
planting is recommended.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HFeH9RTORj8/W2Ld1uQCHCI/AAAAAAAAD9U/N18Zh46DIOoFy81KMNKbUJEP2cvpOBeYACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07302.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HFeH9RTORj8/W2Ld1uQCHCI/AAAAAAAAD9U/N18Zh46DIOoFy81KMNKbUJEP2cvpOBeYACLcBGAs/s400/DSC07302.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">locally pressed sunflower oil</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Sunflower fields should always be
kept clean by regular weeding in order to have healthy crops and reduce nutrients
and water competition between the weeds and sunflower and also keeps the soil
well aerated. Under favorable conditions sunflower take three to four months to
maturity. Dry Sunflower leaves promote soil organic matter hence making the
soil more fertile.</div>
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Mature sunflower heads are manually
harvested by cutting them by hand using a knife and sun dried, when dry , seeds
are <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>separated from the husks <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>manually although mechanical seed separation can
be done when production is large scale and commercial unlike the case of olmoran
ward. The seeds are then taken to the pressing centre where oil is extracted
for local markets, while the residues from pressed seeds are used as animal
feed. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-63283101894210825552018-07-23T18:39:00.000+03:002018-07-23T18:39:04.358+03:00Sisal in arid regions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>By Simon Munyeki</b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Inhibitors of Arid and semiarid regions
for centuries have been struggling with hostile climatic conditions without
knowing which is the right crop to cultivate in their farms due to
unpredictable weather patterns which have forced many of them to turn to pastoralism
and nomadic lifestyle moving from one place to another in search of pastures
and water for their livestock.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ClTl-AkZ8QM/W1XvsmwjWaI/AAAAAAAAD9A/fltl-7mNT7gNgzwMFNDfMqqj2ob_15t_gCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07297.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ClTl-AkZ8QM/W1XvsmwjWaI/AAAAAAAAD9A/fltl-7mNT7gNgzwMFNDfMqqj2ob_15t_gCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07297.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">sisal planted to mark a boundary </td></tr>
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<br /></div>
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Although sisal has been cultivated
in different parts of the world, many of the residents of kenya`s remote regions
have not realized the potential and huge benefits they can yield in sisal
production in their farms in which they only plant sisal on the boundaries to demarcate
their land which also attracts wild animals such as elephants in places such as
laikipia where elephants population is high due to many conservancies within
the county.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Sisal farming in kenya is mainly
done in TAITA TAVETA county where its produced in large scale by different
companies such as Rea Vipingo. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>sisal is
mainly cultivated for its fibre which is delived from its fleshy leaves which varies
in size depending on which variety that was preferred by the farmer, the fibre
is used to make different products such as <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>marts, baskets, ropes and dart boards which
are sold both locally and internationally.Sisal fibre is also used in textile
industry to strengthen the wool in textile production in order to produce high
quality and tough textile which is used to produce canvas. </div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="about:invalid#zClosurez" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Image result for sisal products" border="0" class="rg_ic rg_i" height="400" id="L0TxDR4-sf1wiM:" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" style="margin-top: 0px;" width="363" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Basket made of sisal fibre</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
The lower-grade fibre is processed
by the paper industry because of its high content of cellulose and
hemicelluloses. The medium-grade fibre is used in the cordage industry for
making ropes, baler and binder twine. Ropes and twines are widely employed for
marine, agricultural, and general industrial use. The higher-grade fibre after
treatment is converted into yarns and used by the carpet industry.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Although sisal has not been planted
In <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>large scale <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>laikipia, farmers have been selling their
sisal to middle men who have been buying the little sisal that is found within
the county motivating residence of laikipia to make use of the land that has
been lying idle for many years. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-24488628506416043952018-07-19T18:45:00.002+03:002018-07-19T18:46:54.245+03:00Orange Farming Under Attack<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">By Simon Munyeki</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For many years orange farming has been a
source of income for many farmers in tropical regions across the globe due to
the favorable climatic conditions that support agriculture <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>e specially fruits farming. Orange is one of
the many varieties of fruits under the citrus family which enjoys the greatest popularity
in all parts of the world due to their sweet taste as well as their nutrition
value.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FUwTiDBFA8k/W1Cxh_j1JGI/AAAAAAAAD8s/rUP3OkDffPcojRfHzDa1zBsn_Ar609VMwCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07272.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FUwTiDBFA8k/W1Cxh_j1JGI/AAAAAAAAD8s/rUP3OkDffPcojRfHzDa1zBsn_Ar609VMwCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07272.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">oranges growing in a farm</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Eating foods rich in Vitamin A can
contribute to maintaining healthy eyes. Oranges are a decent source of Vitamin
A, which along with other bioflavonoid compounds help to protect the eyes from
macular degeneration, cataracts and even blindness due to deterioration of
vision. When oranges are added to the diet, they can offer adequate protection
to the membranes lining the eyes and may be useful in promoting vision and
maintaining eye health for years.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Oranges have a stimulatory action on collagen
production, making it an ideal food for your beauty needs. Oranges can also
help minimize acne scars, as new skin cells help to reduce the appearance of
old scars and blemishes. Coupled with <a href="https://www.naturalfoodseries.com/11-benefits-vitamin-a/">Vitamin A</a>,
which has a UV reflecting action, your skin health can be maintained for many
more years by just consuming an orange a day.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Oranges help improve the functions
of the digestive system by stimulating the secretion of the digestive juices
and lowering the acidity of the stomach so that digestion is promoted, and
gastritis is avoided. This is the main reason why orange consumption helps
someone in boosting his/her appetite by eating an orange minutes before having any
meal.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Regular consumption of oranges may
provide protection for the heart by assisting the body to lower the level of cholesterol.
They are able to regulate cholesterol levels in our blood stream because they
have a high level of soluble fiber, which promotes fat removal from blood. When
blood flow is prevented due to the presence of excessive cholesterol and fatty
acids, nutrients and oxygen-rich blood do not reach vital organs and tissues
and this could give rise to serious health complications.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Loss of hair can be prevented by
eating oranges. It contains constituents that help promote free flow of blood
to the scalp and is effective in maintaining hair volume so common hair
problems like hair thinning and hair loss are prevented. The peel of the Orange
fruit may also be effective in controlling dandruff as well, and thanks to its
collagen promoting properties the result in lustrous well-kept hair.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_UU-e8W4xDo/W1Cw-P-4JwI/AAAAAAAAD8k/zmUWXegATxMotdDnAvRpWbh_im9wEISiwCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07296.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_UU-e8W4xDo/W1Cw-P-4JwI/AAAAAAAAD8k/zmUWXegATxMotdDnAvRpWbh_im9wEISiwCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07296.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">an infected orange fruit</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Oranges are a great fruit for
helping to regulate blood pressure, as they contain the mineral <a href="https://www.naturalfoodseries.com/11-benefits-potassium/">potassium</a>
which dilates blood vessels, along with the bio-flavonoids which improve
flexibility of the vessels. Potassium has a regulatory effect on water balance,
helping to offset water retention caused by sodium. Oranges help to enhance
kidney function as well, a potassium ions ensure that residue does not remain
in the kidneys, and cause kidney stones.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Orange help promote healthy gums by
strengthening the blood vessels and tissues that hold the gums and teeth, and
also uses <a href="https://www.naturalfoodseries.com/11-benefits-vitamin-c/">Vitamin
C</a> to reduce gum inflammation. The disease scurvy, characterized by bleeding
gums and poor healing of wounds, is aggravated by diminished collagen
production, caused by vitamin c deficiency.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
Although oranges are such amazing <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and vital fruits in our diet, their production
levels have greatly lowered due to an outbreak of a fungal infection that is
affecting both the orange tree and the fruits resulting to trees drying up.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-46805219548727672112018-07-16T14:41:00.000+03:002018-07-16T16:39:45.065+03:00Grape Fruits And Their Health Benefits <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">By Simon Munyeki</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">To many of us when citruses are mentioned,
we only think of how nutritious an orange is or how bitter a slice of lemon is
not realizing that there are a lot more varieties of citrus fruits that are
less known to majority of us due to their scarcity in our neighborhood and in
the market as well.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5m_abdVg8R4/W0x_81HHU4I/AAAAAAAAD8E/FHuPejGWZfQTqpdntzKOh3GFpixAlho_QCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07277.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5m_abdVg8R4/W0x_81HHU4I/AAAAAAAAD8E/FHuPejGWZfQTqpdntzKOh3GFpixAlho_QCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07277.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">grape fruits growing at a farm in olmoran ward</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Such varieties are like the GRAPE FRUITS
which are of high importance in our day to day diet although it is very rare to
find them in the market because very few farmer in kenya grow them due to their
low market demand which makes them not commercially viable as compared to oranges
and lemons <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>which are always in constant
demand for both domestic and export markets.</span></div>
<br />
<br />
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<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Consumption of Grape fruits has been proven
to be very beneficial in terms of nutrition value by different nutritionists across
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the globe. Grapefruits are fruits that
are high in <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/other/health-benefits-of-fiber.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="fiber">fiber</a> and low in <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ISFAYr" title="calories"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ISFAYr" title="calories">calories</span></span></span>, and they
contain bioflavonoids and other plant chemicals that protect against serious <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2x3Bbgx" title="diseases">diseases</span></span>
like <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-cancer.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/15-best-foods-for-a-healthy-heart.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="heart">heart</a> disease, and the formation of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2y6KVqK" title="tumors">tumors</span></span>.
Grapefruits increase the body’s <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2MF0n0n" title="metabolic">metabolic</span></span>
rate, lower <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ymslLi" title="insulin">insulin</span></span>
levels, and give you a feeling of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2lxny0f" title="fullness">fullness</span></span>.
They <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2Meumez" title="assist">assist</span></span>
the <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2HUas62" title="human">human</span></span>
body in fighting various conditions like <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ta2sZf" title="fatigue">fatigue</span></span>, <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/fever.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="fever">fever</a>, <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/10-natural-remedies-malaria.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="malaria">malaria</a>, <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/diabetes.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/constipation.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="constipation">constipation</a>, indigestion, <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2sSU7Kc" title="urinary">urinary</span></span>
problems, excess <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-acidity.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="acidity">acidity</a>, and many more.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%;">There are plenty of health benefits grapefruits
have, which are also known to be powerful <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2LIFCzz" title="drug">drug</span></span>/poison
eliminators. These fruits <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2l5NWhK" title="work">work</span></span> as a <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2IWKjIx" title="natural">natural</span></span>
<span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2xQcBQE" title="antiseptic">antiseptic</span></span>
for external <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/foods-for-healing-wounds.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="wounds">wounds</a> and also function as a <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2x4fqwU" title="liver">liver</span></span> <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2y6Tulq" title="tonic">tonic</span></span>.
They contain a high amount of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2GFTwQa" title="water">water</span></span>, which helps in
changing the complexion of the <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/10-best-foods-for-healthy-skin.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="skin">skin</a> and increasing the body’s metabolic rate. The pulp and <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2IEaHYc" title="fiber">fiber</span></span>
of grapefruits have a <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2GElzzC" title="healthy">healthy</span></span> <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2yyjsyB" title="bulking">bulking</span></span>
action to our <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/food.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="food">food</a> intake, which aids in <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2JLSVlB" title="bowel">bowel</span></span>
movements and reduces chances of <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/colon-cancer.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="colon cancer">colon cancer</a>. Grapefruits also help to quench <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2tFN5YX" title="thirst">thirst</span></span>
and thus, reduce the burning sensation that arises during <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2JTAbk8" title="fever">fever</span></span>.
The <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2HGRmjC" title="Asia">Asia</span></span>
<span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2Krnb5H" title="Pacific">Pacific</span></span>
Journal of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2tBdV4r" title="Clinical">Clinical</span></span>
Nutrition suggests that the intake of grapefruit reduces the <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KcYI4N" title="risk">risk</span></span>
of developing <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/prostate-cancer.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">The juice or grapefruit itself contains
valuable and natural quinine, which is advantageous for the treatment of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2MCyfek" title="malaria">malaria</span></span>.
Quinine is an alkaloid with a long history of treating malaria, as
well as <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/lupus.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="lupus">lupus</a>, <a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-arthritis.html?utm_source=internal&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=smartlinks" title="arthritis">arthritis</a>, and nocturnal leg <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2t5qncq" title="cramps">cramps</span></span>. It is
not an easy component to find in many foods, so grapefruits are a beneficial
and rare example. The quinine can be easily extracted from the fruits by <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2JHy3sD" title="boiling">boiling</span></span>
a quarter of grapefruit and <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KtQQrN" title="straining">straining</span></span> the pulp.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">The pulp or the juice of grapefruit
helps <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2lmVFrO" title="patients">patients</span></span>
recover quickly from fever, and it reduces the burning sensation that occurs
when the body reaches a high temperature. It is also known as a way to boost
the immune system against <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2HQWC4F" title="cold">cold</span></span> and other common
illnesses. Grapefruit juice, when combined with water, can quench thirst very
quickly and keep you <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2MsWBr1" title="hydrated">hydrated</span></span> for longer. Most
of these benefits come from the high content of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KL44jA" title="vitamin">vitamin</span></span>
C in grapefruits, which acts as a general immune system defense system and can
help the body in fighting the fever.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.organicfacts.net/wp-content/uploads/grapefruit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-127766 lazy keep-away" data-src="https://www.organicfacts.net/wp-content/uploads/grapefruit.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.organicfacts.net/wp-content/uploads/grapefruit.jpg 700w, https://www.organicfacts.net/wp-content/uploads/grapefruit-320x240.jpg 320w, https://www.organicfacts.net/wp-content/uploads/grapefruit-160x120.jpg 160w" height="300" src="https://www.organicfacts.net/wp-content/uploads/grapefruit.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">grape fruit slices </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Grapefruit is useful for indigestion. It
is very light as compared to other foods and thus, acts immediately on
indigestion by easing the <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2t5jh7M" title="heat">heat</span></span> and <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ti81F8" title="irritation">irritation</span></span> <a href="https://www.google.com/patents?hl=en&lr=&vid=USPAT5112611&id=qk4dAAAAEBAJ&oi=fnd&dq=grapefruit+pulp+digestion&printsec=abstract#v=onepage&q=grapefruit%20pulp%20digestion&f=false" target="_blank">caused in</a> the <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2IBVXJp" title="stomach">stomach</span></span>. It
improves the flow of digestive juices, which <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KbyETF" title="facilitates">facilitates</span></span>
the movement of the <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2LMWWUk" title="bowels">bowels</span></span>
and keeps your <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2sXtVOB" title="excretory">excretory</span></span>
system regulated. This is due to the presence of fiber and vegetative pulp in
grapefruits that adds bulk to the bowels and regulates your excretory schedule.
Grapefruit extract is also often used in modern <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2lfAx6K" title="medicine">medicine</span></span>
for these same reasons.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Diabetics can also greatly benefit by eating
grapefruits as they can reduce the level of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2tLbc8G" title="starch">starch</span></span> in the
body. Intake of grapefruits can help them regulate the flow of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KMwlpX" title="sugar">sugar</span></span>
in their body, effectively handling the disease. Recent studies have shown this
beneficial relationship between diabetes and grapefruits due to the
flavonoid content of grapefruits, along with a number of other health benefits.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Grapefruit juice is quite rich in <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KLeIa0" title="potassium">potassium</span></span>
and vitamin C, so it is one of the best <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2t1HgF3" title="treatments">treatments</span></span>
for issues related to <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2sQ46A6" title="urination">urination</span></span> often caused by
liver, <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2t4VXYr" title="kidney">kidney</span></span>
or <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2GFiLlF" title="heart">heart</span></span>
problems. Furthermore, its high potassium content works as a <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2MlB7fE" title="vasodilator">vasodilator</span></span>,
meaning that <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KMpn4h" title="blood">blood</span></span>
vessels and <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ttj1zz" title="arteries"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2yeajLt" title="arteries">arteries</span></span></span>
<span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2JPvRTT" title="relax">relax</span></span>,
thereby reducing <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2rZ6jZn" title="blood pressure">blood <span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2IHNDnC" title="pressure">pressure</span></span></span>
and lessening the risk of heart attack and <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2Kc6POS" title="stroke">stroke</span></span>. Also,
increased levels of potassium have been associated with higher <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2y0mBXs" title="cognitive">cognitive</span></span>
function because of increased blood and <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2ljFsnh" title="oxygen">oxygen</span></span> flow to
the <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2IZ2nS5" title="brain">brain</span></span>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Grapefruits are natural sources of
medicine that help the body fight off various diseases. They are better than
artificial <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2N1FM6D" title="pharmaceuticals">pharmaceuticals</span></span>
to relieve your most basic health conditions. They enable the human body to
regulate <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2GDIv1X" title="cholesterol">cholesterol</span></span>,
which means that they minimize the risk of <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2KOlwDA" title="cardiovascular">cardiovascular</span></span>
diseases caused by high cholesterol. The Journal of Agricultural and Food
Chemistry shows that consumption of grapefruit can reduce LDL cholesterol
(bad cholesterol), as well as <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2tyaQSS" title="hazardous">hazardous</span></span> <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2sRfdsm" title="triglycerides"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2sRfdsm" title="triglycerides">triglycerides</span></span></span>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GmkfwdY_Rms/W0yAWVWzIAI/AAAAAAAAD8M/T-uJT0hHF7IcAZC50GffgewpEKhQqDbyQCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07281.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GmkfwdY_Rms/W0yAWVWzIAI/AAAAAAAAD8M/T-uJT0hHF7IcAZC50GffgewpEKhQqDbyQCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07281.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">fresh grape fruits on a tree branch</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Word of Caution: </span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Despite all of these health benefits and
the fact that sometimes grapefruits can be <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2Iy3Hr7" title="superior">superior</span></span> to
other <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2lfAx6K" title="medicines">medicines</span></span>
in their efficacy, you must be very careful while taking medicines and
consuming grapefruit juice at the same time. Certain chemicals in grapefruits,
like naringin, and other less common compounds can negatively
interact with various <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2LIFCzz" title="drugs">drugs</span></span> and cause damage to
your <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2MCF9jI" title="organ">organ</span></span>
systems.<span class="cite-link"> </span>Be sure to consult your <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2kghRU0" title="doctor">doctor</span></span>
in terms of drug <span class="of-amazon-link"><span data-us-href="https://amzn.to/2Iq0SZ8" title="interactions">interactions</span></span> with
grapefruit juice in your diet before beginning any new treatment.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-80419131955575532652018-07-05T09:01:00.002+03:002018-07-05T09:01:47.007+03:00ALIN job vacancy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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</xml><![endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By ALIN</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ALIN has received a grant from the Agile and Harmonized Assistance
for Devolved Institutions (AHADI) funded by USAID and UKaid to implement a 5
month’s project on Enhancing Access to Information held by Meru County
Government. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To support this initiative, ALIN seeks to recruit a Policy
Engagement Officer, M&E Officer and a Digital Content Editor. Download
advert <a href="https://buff.ly/2u4IBLt" target="_blank">https://buff.ly/2u4IBLt<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></a></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-89173064354802885092018-07-03T17:53:00.000+03:002018-07-11T16:19:18.645+03:00Adopting to climate change<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
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<b>By simon Munyeki</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lky_LEisOLk/WzuMvA8mK2I/AAAAAAAAD70/dQnnew7sbPc6JXMbDhMFVzKVRiSHpl4fACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07245.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lky_LEisOLk/WzuMvA8mK2I/AAAAAAAAD70/dQnnew7sbPc6JXMbDhMFVzKVRiSHpl4fACLcBGAs/s400/DSC07245.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Elder Muchiri Wa Kiriro planting a tree seedling</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Nations all over the world are faced with a great challenge
of combating the global warming that is being experienced in all regions of the
world irrespective of their geographical positions on the global map. Different
conventions have been convened in different countries to try and find a
solution to this common danger that is endangering planet earth and its
inhabitors without any permanent solution.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Different declarations and propositions between the major
industrial nations which are the major contributors of global warming due to
the amount of industrial gases and wastes they release to both the air and
environment have been passed and agreed upon such as cutting the consumption of
fossil fuels such as coal in the day to day industrial and domestic use have
not yielded any fruits for due to lack of willingness by these big nations to
reduce their industrial activities in fear of economic and industrial
domination by rival countries such as the United States and China. </div>
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<br /></div>
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This luck of good will to end environmental pollution
continues to harm and hurt every living thing in the universe. It is estimated
that within a few years the greatest ice deposit which is in the northpole and
the arctic will have melted down rising the levels of water in oceans and seas
displacing people and animals due to high floods which will occupy the land.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Different measures have been taken to try and control
climate change such as environmental conservation and planting of trees in
order to increase the percentage of tree cover as well as promoting the use of
clean and renewable energy for both domestic and industrial purposes.</div>
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<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1x2IqP-SBpc/WzuMrQKefpI/AAAAAAAAD74/wPjSxdppx5o0ZMaNeF399ibYGuZuTtZ4gCEwYBhgL/s1600/DSC07238.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1x2IqP-SBpc/WzuMrQKefpI/AAAAAAAAD74/wPjSxdppx5o0ZMaNeF399ibYGuZuTtZ4gCEwYBhgL/s400/DSC07238.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">ACC Daniel Cheruiyot after planting a tree seedling</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Positive Industrial revolutions such as the manufacturing of
hybrid and electric vehicles and trains has made a significant step in reducing
levels of carbon and poisonous emissions which has been a huge contributor of
global warming. In Kenya the government has promoted generation of clean and
renewable energy through solar panels and wind which has been incorporated in
the main power grid.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Illegal saw milling, charcoal burning and cultivation along
the river banks , although being a source of income for many people in
developing nations such as kenya, has also been contributing to environmental
pollution leading to climate change.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-38363315153939762172018-07-03T17:39:00.002+03:002018-07-11T16:19:52.700+03:00Sorgham Farming<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
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<b>By Simon Munyeki</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Since precolonial era agriculture has been relied by many
communities in Africa for both domestic use as well as for commercial use to
boost their economic status by selling the surplus harvest to the traders as
well as other people who produced different types of crops. In Kenya for
example maize has been the dominant crop grown by majority of the farmers mainly
in the former RIFT VALLEY province and its environs.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-eWo4nYgTtXo/WzuItSG1W8I/AAAAAAAAD7g/8nRJ38W42yAE0GDv8gub1ZghFc5TwWDNgCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07169.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-eWo4nYgTtXo/WzuItSG1W8I/AAAAAAAAD7g/8nRJ38W42yAE0GDv8gub1ZghFc5TwWDNgCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07169.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Moses lokwawi teaching farmers different varieties of sorgham</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
However, maize production has been threatened by
unpredictable change in the weather patterns as well as pests such as the foul
army worms which greatly destroy the maize crop at its early stages of growth
leading to poor yields. For this reason, the ministry of agriculture has been
advising farmers to embrace other types of crops in order to fight food
shortage that has been affecting the country leading to hunger in different
counties of the nation especially in the pastoral regions.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
County government of Laikipia through it ministry of
Agriculture in collaboration with different stake holders such as East Africa
Malting Limited, Seed.co seeds, Bayer Agro chemicals, Acre Africa and
cooperatives are promoting sorghum production through contract farming in the
county.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Although Laikipia has been categorized as an arid county,
agriculture has been the major economic activity. Farmers are changing from
over reliance on a single crop and embracing sorghum which takes a shorter
period of time of three to four months from planting to maturity as opposed to
maize which takes longer. Malt east Africa has a ready market for the sorghum
that will be produced by the farmers. The white grained [SILA variety] is
resistant to advanced weather conditions and yields between 1500-1800kg per
acre.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7IiOVOxyX6w/WzuIn19HjZI/AAAAAAAAD7c/DNPF9y59ZMoR0b_qaHyRE7xY9cxqtxawQCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07166.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7IiOVOxyX6w/WzuIn19HjZI/AAAAAAAAD7c/DNPF9y59ZMoR0b_qaHyRE7xY9cxqtxawQCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07166.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">farmers listening to Moses Lokwawi</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sorghum farming will be jointly funded by the county
government and other financial cooperatives operating in Laikipia as well as
through Enterprise fund. Interested farmers will be provided with certified
seed, fertilizer, agro-chemicals and insurance for their crops in form of kind
loan which will be paid back after harvesting and selling of their produce
which will be bought by East Africa Malt Limited company at a price of ksh 35
per kilogram .</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mr Mosses Lokwawi , Ol-Moran ward crop officer held a
farmers sensitization workshop and taught the farmers the steps to follow as
well as things to observe in sorghum production right from land preparation,
planting, weed and pest control to harvesting and postharvest management
practices to observe in order to realize high yields which will increase their <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>profit margins in a year as compared to maize
which is a one season crop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-61025212170876502092018-07-03T17:08:00.000+03:002018-07-11T16:18:29.007+03:00Horticulture in arid regions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>By Simon Munyeki</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-52uNXq6nyE8/WzuBQrFugAI/AAAAAAAAD64/9Ysx9dXgdbs9C9YeaX1xXRWTnrBClKuVACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07011.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-52uNXq6nyE8/WzuBQrFugAI/AAAAAAAAD64/9Ysx9dXgdbs9C9YeaX1xXRWTnrBClKuVACLcBGAs/s400/DSC07011.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">sheep and goats drinking water at an earth dam</td></tr>
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For decades Communities living in arid regions of east
Africa have been facing different challenges from harsh climatic conditions
such as long dry seasons and barely do these regions receive reliable rainfall
in a year forcing many to walk miles away in search of water for both domestic
use as well as for their livestock and move to different places in search of
pastures making their day to day hard to adopt to one specific region due to
their nomadic lifestyle.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
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However few years after introduction of devolution of
government, drastic changes has been experienced in every corner of the country
especially by the nomadic and pastoral communities who have benefitted greatly
by water harvesting projects that have been introduced and financed by both the
state department of agriculture and the bore holes that have been drilled by
county governments .</div>
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<br /></div>
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With little training on how to make good use of the water
harvested during the short rain seasons as well as the bore holes, community
members have established small scale irrigation farming where they have started
growing tomatoes, French beans ,onions ,capsicum and chilies which have greatly
improved their economic conditions as compared to when they were used to
pastoralism which was faced with many challenges such as cattle rustling and
constant attaches by wild animals when herding their sheep and goats in the
fields far away from home.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Horticulture has also helped reduce human and wildanimals
conflict since majority of the pastoralist community members have reduced the
number of animals as compared to when they only relied on animal products and
sales to make a living. This has reduced the number of enclosing of private
ranches and conservancies in such of pasture and water which was a major cause
of human wildlife conflict in these regions.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iM3cijcac6M/WzuBNhieYJI/AAAAAAAAD7A/j64bJ2rOpikwoYGyuUZCqmzoLPJGF-4dQCEwYBhgL/s1600/DSC06847.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iM3cijcac6M/WzuBNhieYJI/AAAAAAAAD7A/j64bJ2rOpikwoYGyuUZCqmzoLPJGF-4dQCEwYBhgL/s400/DSC06847.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">tomatoes in an irrigated farm</td></tr>
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With rehabilitation of earth dams such as Marura,
Ndaragueti,Wangwaci and Mutaro in ol moran ward by the national government in
conjunction with the county government of laikipia, horticulture farming has
increased in ol moran ward and in Laikipia at large creating employment to the
community as well as placing ol moran ward among the greatest producers of
tomatoes in the county for both local and export markets. </div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-22346832221610889512018-06-26T18:01:00.000+03:002018-07-11T16:20:28.369+03:00AFLATOXIN<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoCommentText">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">By Simon Munyeki</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoCommentText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoCommentText">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For long farmers who have been producing
cereals in the tropical climatic regions around the world have been struggling
with aflatoxin poisoning which has lead to deaths of both humans and animals
who consume aflatoxin contaminated food without their knowledge. Aflatoxin
affect several cereal crops e.g maize, groundnuts, rice, sorghum as well as oil
seeds such as sunflower and sesame, pulses, root crops eg cassava, dried
chillies etc which forms the agricultural backbone of most developing
countries.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-sHPsi2bMb5s/WzJPJAMpUQI/AAAAAAAAD6c/eQLMLF-4N3wvsrx162IHtQWnjc4h628hwCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07222.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-sHPsi2bMb5s/WzJPJAMpUQI/AAAAAAAAD6c/eQLMLF-4N3wvsrx162IHtQWnjc4h628hwCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07222.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Moses lokwawi issuing aflasafe</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><span style="background: black; border: none black 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 0pt; padding: 0in;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span><span lang="X-NONE" style="background: black; border: none black 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 0pt; padding: 0in;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoCommentText">
<span style="background: black; border: none black 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 0pt; padding: 0in;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span> </div>
<div class="MsoCommentText">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
trend of aflatoxin contamination in food and feeds has been increasing over the
years. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
(FAO), 25% world’s<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>food crops are
contaminated with mycotoxins, while World Health Organization (WHO) estimates
suggests that there are more than five billion people world wide at risk of
chronic exposure to aflatoxins(WHO, 2005).</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In sub Saharan Africa, there is high exposure
to aflatoxin due to continuous consumption of contaminated staple foods like
maize, rice and groundnuts. Humans are further exposed to aflatoxins through
animal source foods such as milk produced by animals which are fed on
aflatoxin-contaminated feed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The government has set
limits for aflatoxins in food and feed In order to reduce exposure, the legal
limits of aflatoxin contamination in cereals is ten parts per billion although
there has been incidences where maize has been tested positive of up to a hundred
times higher than the recommended amount of aflatoxin contamination especially
in Makueni county.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Consumption of
contaminated food causes diseases which are commonly known as<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>aflatoxicosis, these diseases leads to low
immunity, stunted growth in children and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>liver cancer which eventually leads to loss of
human lives and livestock.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aflatoxin is caused by a
species of fungi called Aspergillus sp which is naturally found in soil as a
saprophyte, it is also opportunistic and dominates mainly in environments rich
in carbon and nitrogen such as decaying plant parts. The most common types of
aflatoxins are B1, B2, G1 and G2 although B1 is the most toxic of all other
types.</span><span style="background: black; border: none black 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 0pt; line-height: 150%; padding: 0in;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RibZKT9E2HY/WzJR4LKpCVI/AAAAAAAAD6o/qIfqENcfwHwQgAXP3zW7KKsTYl3RXGf4wCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC07226.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RibZKT9E2HY/WzJR4LKpCVI/AAAAAAAAD6o/qIfqENcfwHwQgAXP3zW7KKsTYl3RXGf4wCLcBGAs/s400/DSC07226.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">maize at the right stage to apply aflasafe</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kenya Agricultural and
Livestock Research Organization ( KARLO) has partnered with other institutions
in Africa and the world to develop Aflasafe a compound which has been tested in
other parts of the world and proven to suppress the growth of the toxic aflatoxin
fungus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aflasafe is applied by
evenly broadcasting on the maize crop at the rate of 4kg of aflasafe per acre/
10kg per hectare, once every season. It is applied two to three weeks before
tussling, farmer should apply aflasafe while the soil is moist to facilitate
growth of fungus found in aflasafe. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-4638549381782502372018-06-08T13:26:00.001+03:002018-06-08T13:26:37.768+03:00Joto Afrika: Taking Stock Since the Paris Climate Agreement<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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</xml><![endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston </span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Arid Lands Information Network (<a href="http://alin.or.ke/">ALIN</a>) is pleased to present Joto Afrika issue 23- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Taking Stock Since the Paris Climate Agreement.</b> The issue is a joint effort between ALIN and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry through the Low Emission and Climate Resilient Development (LECRD) Project.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Paris Climate Agreement came into force on 4th November 2016 after set thresholds were achieved in October 5th 2016. These were that 55 Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) accounting in total for at least 55 percent of the total Green House Gas (GHG) emissions ratify the agreement. </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-o_zSw16OXmQ/WxpZuCOUYhI/AAAAAAAAD6I/OZTb5IqSE2k5LyBIiI_AHMWKKDULcVFYwCLcBGAs/s1600/Issue_23_Version_04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1169" data-original-width="826" height="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-o_zSw16OXmQ/WxpZuCOUYhI/AAAAAAAAD6I/OZTb5IqSE2k5LyBIiI_AHMWKKDULcVFYwCLcBGAs/s400/Issue_23_Version_04.jpg" width="282" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kenya was part of the historic conference that adopted the climate change agreement in Paris, France in December 2015 and subsequently ratified the agreement in 2016. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the run up to Paris, Kenya like many other countries prepared an Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) highlighting the country’s commitment as far as mitigation and adaptation actions are concerned. INDC’s became Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) at the time of ratifying the agreement.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">As part of our stock-taking, we review progress with implementation of the 1st National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2013-2017 and preparation of the 2nd NCCAP 2018-2022.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This issue therefore looks at how the different tiers of government, economy and society are progressing in meeting both international and domestic climate change commitments. Particular focus is on initiatives that are innovative and potentially transformative.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika">Joto Afrika</a>, meaning “Africa is feeling the heat’ in Kiswahili is a series of printed briefings and online resources about low emission and climate change adaptation actions. The series helps people understand the issues, constraints, and opportunities that they face in adapting to climate change and escaping poverty.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is our hope that readers will find issue 23 of Joto Afrika as informative and that it would add value to their work in understanding the issues, constraints and opportunities that people face in adapting to climate change. You can download a copy of Joto Afrika issue <a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika">here</a>.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-89569373506497193802017-11-07T13:21:00.004+03:002017-11-07T13:25:17.474+03:00Joto Afrika: Implementing Kenya’s Nationally Determined Contribution<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Arid Lands Information Network (<a href="http://alin.or.ke/">ALIN</a>) is pleased to present Joto Afrika
issue 22- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Implementing Kenya’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC</i></b>). The
issue is a joint effort between ALIN and the Ministry of Environment and
Natural Resources through the Low Emission and Climate Resilient
Development (LECRD) Project.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GEvJ3AikHGc/WgGI67RsO-I/AAAAAAAAD40/o-ty0pr80uUM1g0moVUiswTZi0dtja7RwCLcBGAs/s1600/Joto%2BAfrika%2BCOP23%2BEdition.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1132" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GEvJ3AikHGc/WgGI67RsO-I/AAAAAAAAD40/o-ty0pr80uUM1g0moVUiswTZi0dtja7RwCLcBGAs/s400/Joto%2BAfrika%2BCOP23%2BEdition.jpg" width="281" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Page 1 of Joto Afrika issue 22</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In recognition of the serious threats
posed by climate change, Kenya has put in place elaborate national policy,
legal and institutional frameworks on climate change. Key among them; National
Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP), National Adaptation Plan (NAP), National
Framework Policy on Climate Change, Climate Change Act, 2016 and National
Policy on Climate Finance among other sectoral policies. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kenya ratified the Paris Agreement in
December 2016 and consequently committed to action through its Nationally
Determined Contribution (NDC). Under the NDC, the country has committed to an
emission reduction of 30 percent against business as usual scenario by 2030 and
adaptation actions in key sectors. The national policy and legal framework on
climate change provide a firm foundation for the implementation of the NDC. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The country has taken steps towards
an integrated approach to NDC implementation, coordinated by the government.
This builds on similar efforts including embedding sustainable natural resource
utilization into its 2010 Constitution and mainstreaming climate change into
the Second Medium Term Plan (2013-2017) of Kenya’s Vision 2030.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Joto Afrika issue 22 highlights
Kenya’s approach to NDC implementation by National and County governments and
other non-state actors. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika">Joto Afrika</a>, meaning “Africa is
feeling the heat’ in Kiswahili is a series of printed briefings and online
resources about low emission and climate change adaptation actions. The series
helps people understand the issues, constraints, and opportunities that they
face in adapting to climate change and escaping poverty.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is our hope that readers will find
issue 22 of Joto Afrika as informative and that it would add value to their
work in understanding the issues, constraints and opportunities that people
face in adapting to climate change. You can download a copy of Joto Afrika
issue <a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika">here</a>.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-63176695301128105532017-09-15T15:51:00.001+03:002017-11-07T13:04:29.945+03:00Joto Afrika issue 21 is out<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Arid Lands Information Network (</span><a href="http://alin.or.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ALIN</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">) is pleased to present issue 21 of Joto Afrika newsletter. The issue is a joint effort between ALIN and the </span><a href="http://www.environment.go.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources </span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">through the Low Emission and Climate Resilient Development (LECRD) Project.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JKrYAshtSxU/WbvMaooQn1I/AAAAAAAAD4M/DTWolPeXcKgwS-d5qd9Erq_IVgxp812gQCLcBGAs/s1600/Joto_Afrika_21_August%2B2017%2B-%2BCopy.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1132" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JKrYAshtSxU/WbvMaooQn1I/AAAAAAAAD4M/DTWolPeXcKgwS-d5qd9Erq_IVgxp812gQCLcBGAs/s400/Joto_Afrika_21_August%2B2017%2B-%2BCopy.png" width="282" /></a></div>
<a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Joto Afrika</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, meaning “Africa is feeling the heat’ in Kiswahili is a series of printed briefings and online resources about low emission and climate change adaptation actions. The series helps people understand the issues, constraints, and opportunities that they face in adapting to climate change and escaping poverty.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Issue 21 focuses on “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Role of Science and Innovation in climate change response</i></b>.” Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) is the major driving force behind global, regional and national efforts to cope with the increasingly severe impacts of climate change and variability. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Science, Technology and Innovation is key in the implementation of the Paris Agreement on strengthening the global response to the impacts of climate change and keeping the global temperature below two degrees centigrade. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The issue highlights innovative solutions that the National and County governments, various private sector actors, research organisations and universities are involved in to respond to climate change and ensure the country transitions to a low carbon economy. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is our hope that readers will find issue 21 of Joto Afrika as informative and that it would add value to their work in understanding the issues, constraints and opportunities that people face in adapting to climate change. You can download a copy of Joto Afrika issue </span><a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">here</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-6608294687181504762017-07-10T08:48:00.000+03:002017-07-10T08:49:39.379+03:00Islamic finance provides Kenyans with cushion against drought<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Zoe Tabary</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">WAJIR, Kenya -
Hamara Hujale tries to keep an eye on two squirming children and a pot of
simmering ugali – a white doughy dish – as she reaches for her buzzing phone.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">After speaking
a few words, she hangs up and scribbles in a wrinkled notebook.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"My
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hujale, who lives
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"mostly to pastoralists who would use them as dowry for their daughters'
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<b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">Hamara Hujale standing infront of her tuk-tuk
in Wajir. TRF/Zoe Tabary</span></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"But as
they lost their animals to drought, they had no money left to buy my products. So
I had to find an alternative," she said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Last year she
secured a loan of 370,000 Kenyan shillings (about $3,560) through Crescent
Takaful Sacco, an Islamic finance institution, and used the money to buy a
tuk-tuk and set up a taxi business in Wajir.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Access to
credit is critical to help communities prepare for and cope with increasingly
frequent climate shocks like droughts and floods, experts say.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">However, in
this Kenyan region bordering Somalia, where over 90 percent of the population
is Muslim, few banks or institutions offer financial services that comply with
Islamic law, which bans gambling and speculation, including interest-bearing
loans, said Diyad Hujale, a programme coordinator at Mercy Corps, a charity,
and no relation to Hamara.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To remedy
this, in 2016 a project helped set up the county's first private cooperative
offering financial products in accordance with Islamic principles – such as
interest-free loans, with no fees for late payment.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
initiative, which is part of the Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate
Extremes and Disasters (BRACED) programme, is funded by the UK Department for
International Development (DFID) and led by Mercy Corps.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gladys
Mutisya, manager of the Wajir sacco, said it targets "the unbanked:
pastoralists – who make up half of our clients – farmers, and poorer
communities in general."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"We're
trying to fill a gap that banks and traditional institutions are not able or
willing to fill."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Diyad Hujale
explained that while Sharia-compliant financial services already exist in
Nairobi, the capital, and elsewhere in the country, they are too far away and
expensive for local residents to access – so the BRACED programme supported the
sacco to hire and train staff in Wajir.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">PREPARING FOR
SHOCKS</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The toughest
challenge in this largely Pastoralist County is prolonged drought, which Hamara
Hujale said, "affects everyone.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In addition to
her kitchen utensil business, she used to herd over 100 goats - but drought has
claimed many of them.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"I can't
even remember how many have died," she said, bending to smell her pot of
ugali.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Catherine
Simonet of the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), a London-based think tank,
said that families with little or no disposable income are most affected when
drought hits.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Repeated
droughts create "a vicious circle where they not only have no alternative
income if they have lost their harvest, for example, (but) they are also made
more vulnerable to the next shock", she said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To avoid this
situation, Mutisya said the sacco's clients tend to take out loans in
"good times", such as the harvesting season, when they can most
easily qualify for loans.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">They then hold
the cash as easily accessible savings, so that in dry periods they can buy food
and fodder for their animals to survive.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">BUSINESSES FOR RESILIENCE</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">While many
clients use the sacco as a way to boost their cash on hand, others like Hamara
Hujale take out larger loans to set up their own businesses.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">That fills a
key gap in the market that is not met by other banks or institutions, Diyad
Hujale said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Wajir is
vast and its residents earn very little, so to most investors they don't make
'business sense,'" he said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Simonet
concurred that the potential for pastoralists to launch businesses is often
underestimated.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"We tend
to only look at pastoralists for example as households, when they're also
producers, businesses, and a hugely untapped source of investment," she
said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Key to the
sacco's model is trust, said Mutisya. "We don't just blindly give out
loans. We assess the viability of our clients' business ideas and we train them
on issues like accounting."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To minimise
risk, the financial institution often lends money to groups rather than
individuals. "The group's cohesion and reputation acts as a guarantee for
us," Mutisya said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hamara Hujale,
who took out a loan on her own, now makes up to 2,000 shillings ($20) per day
from her two businesses – nearly twice as much as when she only sold utensils.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"But I
need the money to repay over 30,000 shillings per month to the sacco," she
said. Her dream, once she has repaid the loan in full, is to "buy a bigger
car to serve as a taxi in rural areas".</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">REACHING REMOTE AREAS</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Since the
sacco opened, about 500 accounts have been created, Diyad Hujale said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">But
"we're only present in a 20km radius around the town, when the entire
county needs us," he said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He hopes
mobile phone technology will allow the initiative to expand and reach more
people through an online platform, without the need to physically meet with an
agent.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Currently
the only way to get a loan outside of Wajir town is for our agents to travel to
outside villages, so the operation is currently very costly," he
explained.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Simonet said a
mobile service would make particular sense for pastoralists.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Pastoralists
not only live in rural areas, they are also constantly on the move. So to them
a physical branch or agents don't make sense," she said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Article
originally published at Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate
Extremes and Disasters (<a href="http://www.braced.org/news/i/Islamic-finance-provides-Kenyans-with-cushion-against-drought/">BRACED</a>).</span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-21437017546986450982017-06-08T16:03:00.001+03:002017-06-08T16:05:12.746+03:00Kenya's parched farmers stop ploughing but harvest more food and jobs<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Isaiah Esipisu</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">IMENTI, Kenya - On a five-acre piece of land being prepared for planting, James Mwenda shouts at his two oxen, commanding them to move in a straight line as they pull a ripper that cuts a long slit into the unploughed ground.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The "low-till" farming system – in which land is no longer ploughed and seeds are slotted into largely undisturbed soil – is gaining fans in drought-hit Kenya because it helps preserve moisture in the soil.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">But Mwenda likes it for another reason: it has given him a job.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The 31-year-old is one of more than 1,500 people trained in Kenya to handle the special equipment needed to prepare land and plant crops under the new "low-till" system.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Now he makes money hiring out his services to other farmers in Imenti Central, a sub-county of Meru County, who may not have the funds to buy the specialised equipment themselves.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UBWPqtUqcPY/WTlKk9IZdOI/AAAAAAAAD3c/JwFRcKRA6v4mvLxe58tEfs5buVv0-f4GwCLcB/s1600/KEesipisu-mwenda-no-till-ploughing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="467" data-original-width="700" height="266" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UBWPqtUqcPY/WTlKk9IZdOI/AAAAAAAAD3c/JwFRcKRA6v4mvLxe58tEfs5buVv0-f4GwCLcB/s400/KEesipisu-mwenda-no-till-ploughing.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>James Mwenda preparing his land</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"This is a new farming technique that has shown very positive results for the past two seasons, and many small-scale farmers in this area are now getting hooked to it," said Mwenda, from Kimate village.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Low-till" or "zero-till" farming is nothing particularly new. It has been increasingly popular around the world since after World War II – and similar no-plough systems were the basis for much ancient agriculture, before the modern plough was invented.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">But the system – part of a suite of farming techniques known as "conservation agriculture" – is now gaining popularity in Kenya among small-scale farmers trying to beat worsening drought.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Introduced to farmers in dry areas in 2015 by the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (<a href="http://www.fao.org/home/en/" target="_blank">FAO</a>), it is increasingly popular both for its ability to protect harvests and for the job possibilities it offers young farmers able to use the specialised equipment needed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">NEW JOBS</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In Imenti Central, a total of 44 young men and women have been trained on how to handle the zero-till farming equipment, said Patrick Ng'ang'a, a former trainer now working as a desk officer in charge of conservation agriculture for Meru County.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mwenda, one of those trained, said income from his low-till planting business now has surpassed his income from farming his own land.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"This has become my main source of income," said Mwenda, who now can operate all the hand-held and ox-driven equipment, from rippers and jab planters to oxen-driven planters and shallow weeders.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">So far, much of the low-till equipment used in the area has been purchased by the FAO and is made available free of charge at government offices to groups of farmers trained to use it.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">But some farmers who have started low-till planting services also are beginning to buy locally fabricated equipment.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"The idea that farmers are willing to purchase some of this equipment on their own is an indication that they are willing to move forward with the zero- or low-till farming techniques," said Mercy Mulevu, the FAO's county programme officer in Meru County.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">According to Ng'ang'a, the government has set a standard fee for every activity conducted using the specialised equipment.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"We had to intervene because, given that only a few people understand how to handle the equipment, they were likely going to take advantage and overcharge their clients," he said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hiring someone to do traditional ploughing of an acre of land in Meru costs about 1,200 Kenyan shillings ($12), farmers say. But slitting lines using a ripper costs as low as $6 per acre because it consumes less energy, those doing the work say.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MORE DROUGHT, MORE GRAIN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Farmers who adopted the new farming techniques in recent years have been able to boost their harvests, which has attracted more farmers and created more jobs providing services to them, Ng'ang'a said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In many dry areas of Kenya, crops planted last season failed as drought swept across much of East Africa. But Margaret Gacheke, one farmer who hires Mwenda's low-till services, said she harvested 15 90-kilo bags of maize per acre from her land in February – higher than the usual 13 bags she gets from the land when rainfall is normal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"This was far beyond average because my immediate neighbor who used the normal conventional farming method did not harvest anything, despite of having used fertilisers and certified seed," Gacheke said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Using conservation agriculture techniques such as low-till farming over time helps improve harvests as the amount of water-holding organic matter in the soil increases, studies have shown.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"The main reason for introducing this technique was to enable communities, particularly in dry-land areas, to build resilience to climate stresses, increase food productivity and engage in agribusiness for income generation," Mulevu said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In Tharaka West, a Meru sub-county, members of Maweni Farmer Field School have grown sorghum for the past two seasons using low-till farming techniques.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">With consistent harvests, they were able to secure a contract to supply their crop to the Kenya Breweries Company, which uses the grain to make alcohol, said Stephen Simba Njagi, a member of the field school.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Low-till farming works best alongside other smart farming techniques, such as rotating crops, adopting drought-tolerant varieties and using certified seed, said Cyprian Mariene, who trains farmers in the techniques in Imenti Central.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">According to FAO, over 10,000 small-scale farmers in Kenya's eight semi-arid counties are already practicing low-till farming. Mariene said many farmers are adopting the techniques after seeing them used by neighbours and relatives.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The techniques also have been promoted on popular television shows such as Shamba Shape-Up on Kenya's Citizen TV – a practical documentary programme that teaches viewers about good agricultural practices.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Article originally published at Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters (<a href="http://www.braced.org/news/i/?id=35b7f0af-4dd5-4c67-913a-11e13482468d">BRACED</a>).</span></b></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-20503210671329940002017-05-03T16:08:00.001+03:002017-05-03T16:12:58.907+03:00Agriculture reality show launched in Kenya<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The creators of Kenya’s first makeover television series Shamba Shape Up have introduced the first agriculture reality TV show in East Africa. Robert Godec, the United States Ambassador to Kenya launched Don’t Lose the Plot (<a href="https://dontlosetheplot.tv/en/">DLTP</a>) TV show at <a href="http://pawa254.org/">PAWA 254</a> in Nairobi, Kenya on May 2, 2017.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The show features four young farmers from Kenya and Tanzania who battle it out for an agricultural investment worth USD 10,000. The show sets out to change the perception of farming among Kenyan and Tanzanian youth as a “cool” and viable career venture.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-H-L2k4-NvL4/WQnVvxfQpnI/AAAAAAAAD3I/DOdA72-AB5kIp66lyqA4nlWOVPC9D1XbQCLcB/s1600/Dont%2BLose%2Bthe%2BPlot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-H-L2k4-NvL4/WQnVvxfQpnI/AAAAAAAAD3I/DOdA72-AB5kIp66lyqA4nlWOVPC9D1XbQCLcB/s400/Dont%2BLose%2Bthe%2BPlot.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Don't Lose the Plot presenters.Photo/DLTP</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Speaking during the launch, Ambassador Godec said that agriculture presents a real opportunity for youth employment and development. He said that the show would help to change the negative perception that agriculture is only for old people.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Agriculture presents a real business opportunity for youth in Kenya. Such kind of investment will help spur innovation and give rise to a new generation of agripreneurs,” said Ambassador Godec.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He thanked the Don’t Lose the Plot producers and partners for the inspiring show and their resolve in improving the image of agriculture.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He said that youth involvement in agriculture would reduce rural-urban migration. He said that there is a lot of money available in agriculture and it is worth investing in.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Patricia Gichinga, a Producer at Mediae Company and Co-Director of DLTP said that they selected the four contestants from a pool of 200 applicants. The four chose their own crops. They had to pitch a budget of their expenses to the judges before getting funding for farm inputs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She said that they want to educate youth on the myriad opportunities at their disposal to enter into and to grow agricultural economic activity, and to improve their food production and livelihoods. She said that youth would have an opportunity to learn and emulate the four contestants.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“We cannot build tomorrow agriculture using yesterday's methods. We need to change the profile of farming," said Ms. Gichinga.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She noted that the average age of farmers in Kenya is 61 years hence the need to change youth perception of farming.</span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/F2TQAKls5ic/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/F2TQAKls5ic?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The launch also featured presentations from the show’s Producer <a href="http://mediae.org/">Mediae Company</a>, Africa Lead and <a href="http://mercycorpsafa.org/">Mercy Corps’ Agrifin Accelerate program. </a> Two Feed the Future Kenya Innovation Engine (KIE) agribusiness entrepreneurs and a digital financial consultant participated in a panel discussion titled “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Youth and Agribusiness: The Future of Food Security in East Africa</i></b>.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The agriculture reality show is set on a rural farm with multiple plots. The four contestants compete against each other while living together on the farm. Each contestant has 9 months to turn an acre piece of land into a successful agribusiness.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The show has a call centre, a budgeting tool and an interactive SMS platform. The platform enables viewers to send questions or request for information on agribusiness.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The youth farmers receive guidance and practical insights from agriculture experts. The support includes financial planning, planting strategies, agricultural inputs and marketing. In the end, the farmer with the most profitable and sustainable farm will win the USD 10,000 prize.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="https://citizentv.co.ke/">Citizen Television</a> in Kenya aired the first episode of Don’t Lose the Plot on Sunday at 1:30 pm. Subsequent episodes will air on Thursday’s at 1:30 pm in English and Sunday’s at 1:30 pm in Kiswahili. Episodes in Swahili will be airing in Tanzania on ITV on Fridays at 6:30 pm starting on May 5, 2017.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The reality show is supported by Feed the Future, the U.S Government’s global hunger and food security initiative, and USAID Kenya/East Africa Mission through Feed the Future’s continent wide capacity building program, Africa Lead. The support focuses on increasing media content on the agriculture sector and opportunities for youth employment and development.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mercy Corps AgriFin Accelerate Program also supports the program. The accelerate program provides the contestants with financial management and access to finances.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We wish the best of luck to Kenneth, Leah, Issah and Winrose as they battle it out to win USD 10,000. We hope that more youth will adopt agribusiness after learning from their peers how to turn farming into a profitable business.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-36348697702042070362017-05-02T11:55:00.001+03:002017-05-02T11:56:21.818+03:00App helps Kenya’s small farmers tackle pests, map crops<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Caroline Wambui</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KATHERI, Kenya - Sitting under a cypress tree on his farm to escape the scorching heat, Michael Mwenda is deeply engrossed in his phone.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"I am getting the latest info on diseases attacking French beans," he said. "My neighbours' beans were attacked by a pest and I don't want the same thing to happen to mine."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Farmers in Katheri village in central Kenya - and in many other parts in the country - regularly battle pests that attack their crops, a problem made worse by recurring drought.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Countries with confirmed outbreaks can face import bans on their agricultural products.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1qJDdihCXsFHK5flVE418B1sz92zramqTeuyiJmhcZVczXHxBQr_58J09sLDg2bpxG_AmuOV3ouLRhgZBRIeN4XIOgVkItErEiwQJ_dDCmqgHrhgno69xXJGX7C7vMt_TlsuHu6WGr5hu/s1600/Farming%252Bapp%252Bpic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1qJDdihCXsFHK5flVE418B1sz92zramqTeuyiJmhcZVczXHxBQr_58J09sLDg2bpxG_AmuOV3ouLRhgZBRIeN4XIOgVkItErEiwQJ_dDCmqgHrhgno69xXJGX7C7vMt_TlsuHu6WGr5hu/s400/Farming%252Bapp%252Bpic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span lang="EN-GB">Farmer weighing his produce in Meru County,
Kenya. TRF/Caroline Wambui</span></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">However, a mobile app called Farmforce is helping farmers and exporters access information to contain pest outbreaks, track harvests in real time, and monitor pesticide residues to comply with global food standards.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Developed by the Syngenta Foundation and the Swiss government in 2013 in Kenya and other countries in Africa and Asia, the initiative employs field workers who record information about farmers such as their address, land acreage, the crops grown and pesticide records, among other things.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This enables real-time monitoring of products from cultivation to harvesting "as farmers receive progress reports regularly – telling them for example whether or when to spray pesticides", said Gideon Aliero, an agronomist at Interveg Exports, a company that exports fresh fruit and vegetables and has been using the app for four years.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To receive the information on their phones, farmers need to be registered with a food exporter.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Less Paper, More Money</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Faith Kamenchu, project manager at Farmforce, said the app allows farmers, food processors and exporters to cut down on cumbersome paperwork.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Most smallholder farmers use pen and paper methods to record their activities whereas exporting markets demand a range of highly detailed information on the produce," she said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Collecting that information by paper is time-consuming, difficult to aggregate and inconsistent, which makes it hard for farmers to meet global standards and export their produce."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A Farmforce field agent is allocated to a group of farmers depending on their location, and advises them based on the information they receive from the app – for example, on when they should harvest their crops. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kamenchu believes this simplifies export companies' management.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"The app informs field staff when farmers' actions might threaten compliance – like overuse of chemicals – and ensures that the agents actually go in the field, as they have to activate their location on their phone when they report."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Fraud used to be a significant problem among field agents, he added. "They would pretend to be on a farmer's field and send inaccurate information, with no way for the export company to detect any lies. But that is no longer an issue, as field officers need to turn the location mode on to access the app on their phone."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">So far, the technology counts about 100,000 users – both farmers and exporters – across the country, Kamenchu said. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">However, Gabriel Ayoki, a farming consultant, said the technology's impact may be limited in remote areas where farmers experience frequent power failures and cannot charge their phones to access the app.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mwenda, who grows maize, tomatoes and beans, says he used to struggle to sell his produce to export companies "as it was of poor quality and often affected by bacterial wilt disease, which I had no information about."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Now that he has been using the app for three years, he manages to harvest more food and of better quality, and makes over 50,000 Kenyan shillings ($484) in one harvesting season (three months), compared to 20,000 Kenyan shillings ($193.61) previously. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"My income is now steady, so I can make plans for the future like pay for my children's education," he said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Article originally published at Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters (<a href="http://www.braced.org/news/i/?id=73474871-06d6-459f-b478-52105d542d65">BRACED</a>).</span></b></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-8754425676646866462017-04-28T12:29:00.001+03:002017-04-28T12:32:09.673+03:00Joto Afrika issue 20 is out<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The Arid Lands Information Network (</span><a href="http://alin.or.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ALIN</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">) is pleased to present issue 20 of Joto Afrika newsletter. The issue is a joint effort between ALIN and the </span><a href="http://www.environment.go.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources </span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">through the Low Emission and Climate Resilient Development (LECRD) Project.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-U0LB_1QFUFY/WQMLVCRNJaI/AAAAAAAAD2k/lKlPqY_rlzkA0PFTssd7h5JZQyf2DfJ5ACLcB/s1600/JotoAfrika_Issue20_2017_To_Print_Version_Revised.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-U0LB_1QFUFY/WQMLVCRNJaI/AAAAAAAAD2k/lKlPqY_rlzkA0PFTssd7h5JZQyf2DfJ5ACLcB/s400/JotoAfrika_Issue20_2017_To_Print_Version_Revised.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Joto Afrika issue 20</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Funding for the LECRD Project is by the </span><a href="http://www.usaid.gov/kenya"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">United States Agency for International Development (USAID)</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> through </span><a href="http://www.undp.org/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, this is within the framework of the US Government led effort on Enhancing Capacity for Low Emission Development Strategy (EC-LEDS).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Joto Afrika</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, meaning “Africa is feeling the heat’ in Kiswahili is a series of printed briefings and online resources about low emission and climate change adaptation actions. The series helps people understand the issues, constraints, and opportunities that people face in adapting to climate change and escaping poverty.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Issue 20 focuses on National and County Government response to climate change and highlights contributions from other non-state actors. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The issue tackles how climate change response requires coordination across the different stakeholder categories, and between national and county government institutions. This ensures synergy between national and county government efforts to address climate change. It also minimises duplication and wastage of resources and reduces institutional conflicts. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Climate Change Act (2016) recognises the complementary roles of the national and county governments in climate change affairs. The Act, consequently, recognises that climate change impacts are localised, placing the county governments in a better position to identify and address them.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">One of the objectives of the Act is, therefore, to “integrate climate change into the exercise of power and functions of all levels of governance, and to enhance cooperative climate change governance between the national government and county governments.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Act establishes a legal and institutional framework to mainstream climate change at the national and county government levels. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is our hope that readers will find issue 20 of Joto Afrika as informative and that it would add value to their work in understanding the issues, constraints and opportunities that people face in adapting to climate change. You can download a copy of Joto Afrika issue </span><a href="http://www.alin.or.ke/Joto%20Afrika"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">here</span></a><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-69806351949876221322017-04-24T07:45:00.001+03:002017-04-24T07:47:45.586+03:00Sokopepe issue 3: Farm records for improved productivity<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We are pleased to present issue 3 of Sokopepe Newsletter. The issue is a joint effort between Arid Lands Information Network (</span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://alin.or.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ALIN</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">) and </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://sokopepe.co.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sokopepe Ltd</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The end of March 2017 marked the end of a successful roll-out phase of the Farm Records Management Information System (FARMIS) innovation by Sokopepe Ltd in the nine Sub Counties of Meru. This followed a pilot phase in five sub counties in Meru in 2014-2015. <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SoeIThMk5Vs/WP2CnS46UpI/AAAAAAAAD2U/DLN8RS4YN18Kg9DtfnoYHqOWTBwuN6wAQCLcB/s1600/Sokopepe%2BNewsletter%2Bissue%2B2%2Bcover%2Bpage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SoeIThMk5Vs/WP2CnS46UpI/AAAAAAAAD2U/DLN8RS4YN18Kg9DtfnoYHqOWTBwuN6wAQCLcB/s400/Sokopepe%2BNewsletter%2Bissue%2B2%2Bcover%2Bpage.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Sokopepe issue 3 Newsletter</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The past 11 months has proven that farmer-serving agencies are able to leverage on the digital record-keeping platform to reach farmers with various services and products. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Our supportive farmers during the roll-out phase made us appreciate that farm records could transform their lives. It has been a humbling experience hearing and seeing the various micro-innovations that they undertake. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Our networks of Production Information Agents (PIAs) have played a pivotal role in ensuring successful completion of the roll-out phase of FARMIS innovation. Providing record keeping data, demand-driven extension services, boosting farmers’ access to information through the PIAs has helped many farmers to realise increased productivity and profitability. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">More farmers are now able to use the record keeping data to know which crops are more profitable. This is helping them to make right farming decisions, as they are able to know the crops that are “eating” into their profits. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We are now working to ensure that we launch our second Agriculture Production Report (APR) next month. We hope that through the report, the government and other agencies would be able to obtain reliable, regular, and high-quality data on the status of agriculture in Meru County. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We hope that the aggregated FARMIS data will help to identify trends, which will support appropriate decision-making, while the farm level data will continue to determine the credit worthiness of farmers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is our hope that readers will find the third issue of Sokopepe Newsletter as informative and that it would give them a deeper understanding of what we are doing. You can download a copy of the newsletter </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B_fFxBqDllK7SGFWYTIzTDhFeGM"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">here</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-59034333866857712932017-04-06T10:52:00.001+03:002017-04-06T11:20:00.164+03:00Nurse with a passion for agribusiness<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas Ngaruiya</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In Muiriene village in the
heart of Meru County, Mrs. Doris Mutirithia’s 1-acre farm has since 2010 helped
to support her family by paying school fees for her two children through the
proceeds received from the sale of farm produce.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In a good season, the
government nurse at Kibaranyaki Hospital in Imenti Central makes more than
100,000 from the sale of cabbages, capsicum, carrots, or potatoes. There are
times when she takes her produce to Gakoromoni market in the morning before
heading to work. She divides her time between her profession, family and her
agribusiness.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CYYJqSQfxVo/WOXy2VBhNZI/AAAAAAAAD18/BrFNS2puefsQIS8sAnBlU-Y7P-UHp8pVACLcB/s1600/Ms.%2BDoris%2BMutirithia%252C%2Ba%2Bsmallholder%2Bfarmer%2Bin%2BMuiriene%2Bvillage%2B%252CMeru%2BCounty%2Binspecting%2Bher%2Bcabbages%2B%2540Bob%2BAston.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CYYJqSQfxVo/WOXy2VBhNZI/AAAAAAAAD18/BrFNS2puefsQIS8sAnBlU-Y7P-UHp8pVACLcB/s400/Ms.%2BDoris%2BMutirithia%252C%2Ba%2Bsmallholder%2Bfarmer%2Bin%2BMuiriene%2Bvillage%2B%252CMeru%2BCounty%2Binspecting%2Bher%2Bcabbages%2B%2540Bob%2BAston.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Mrs. Doris Mutirithia inspecting her cabbages</span></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Farming is the only
business that can allow me enough time with my family, profession and still
serve humanity by providing quality farm produce," says Mrs. Mutirithia.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Initially, it was hard for
her to know whether she was making a profit of loss. She formalised her farm
records when she adopted Sokopepe’s Farm Records Management Information System
(FARMIS) in 2016. A neighbour who had adopted the innovation recommended it to
her as an easy way to manage her agricultural enterprises.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">She has been doing crop
rotation on a three-acre farm to improve soil stability and control pests
and diseases. Like many farmers in the region, lack of market information
and inadequate information on best agricultural practices used to be a
challenge. Sokopepe has since addressed this.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">She says that
Sokopepe has enabled her to have better control of her economic destiny.
Although she spends most of her time working at Kibaranyaki Hospital and with
her family, she always ensures that she spends a bit of time at her farm.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Sokopepe has helped me to
embrace agribusiness. I am able to track all my enterprises and farm
expenses,” said Mrs. Mutirithia.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OyqZRYvlb0w/WOXy2678uII/AAAAAAAAD2A/ElTppPP_oJc_RUXULfQSqef68zkg9Nk0QCLcB/s1600/IMG_20161028_093944.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OyqZRYvlb0w/WOXy2678uII/AAAAAAAAD2A/ElTppPP_oJc_RUXULfQSqef68zkg9Nk0QCLcB/s400/IMG_20161028_093944.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Mrs. Doris Mutirithia preparing onions for storage</span></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Last year she received her
first profit and loss statement after selling cabbages. She is now able to use
record keeping data to know which crops are more profitable. This has helped
her to make right farming decisions. She plans to venture into pig farming
using the profits received from the sale of farm produce.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Each season she is able to
know which crops are eating into her “profits” and which ones are more
profitable. FARMIS has allowed her to evaluate her income and expenses. This
has eased her decision-making process.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“I can now account for
every expense that I incur in the farm. Initially i never kept farm
records and I could never tell how much I was getting from the sale of farm
produce,” said Mrs. Mutirithia.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">She said that the record
keeping data has made her learn from her past mistakes. She now only invests in
profitable farm enterprises.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Sokopepe has assigned her
a Production Information Agent (PIA) who visits her farm once a week. Besides
record keeping training, the PIA also provides her with extension services,
market information, and linkages.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">She has urged other
professionals to embrace farming as a way of investing their money. She also
urged other farmers to formalise their records to improve their economic gains
and increase profit.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-38171103865187875892017-03-16T10:37:00.001+03:002017-03-16T10:38:44.547+03:00Banked farmers learning how to manage risks<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Access to
financial services is about to provide an opportunity for Kairiri Forest Users
and Conservation Community Based Organisation (CBO) in Timau area of Meru
County to deal with crop failure. Most of the members had contemplated quitting
farming this year after the crop failure.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://sokopepe.co.ke/">Sokopepe</a> has been supporting the CBO to
increase productivity and profitability of its members. This season, Sokopepe
linked them to a micro finance institution to enable them to receive credit.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bFkNGOtptNU/WMo_9wEUVYI/AAAAAAAAD1o/ZX8_iiWLRoEngjVT2Ivki1RjDPsPr8hAQCLcB/s1600/DSC01259.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bFkNGOtptNU/WMo_9wEUVYI/AAAAAAAAD1o/ZX8_iiWLRoEngjVT2Ivki1RjDPsPr8hAQCLcB/s400/DSC01259.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Members of the CBO going through Sokopepe's Farm Books</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Linking the
CBO to Times U Sacco Society Ltd has made the members to be among the few-banked
farmers in the Country. The Sacco has a Kilimo Bora Loan, which is ideal for
farmers due to low interest charged. For close to 5 weeks now the Sacco has
been building their financial literacy and capability.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Already 30
members of the group have each paid a Ksh 200 for registration and are now
saving Ksh 200 per week. Soon they will be able to receive Kilimo Bora Loan.
The farmers can borrow up to 5 times the amount saved.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Kilimo
Bora loan attracts a 7.5 percent interest rate. The repayment is after four
months when the farmers have harvested. The 74 member CBO are now planning to
cultivate their combined 30-acre farm. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. Bernard
Mureithi, a Production Information Agent (PIA) at Sokopepe said that farm
Records Management Information System (<a href="http://www.farmis.co.ke/">FARMIS</a>)
help financial institutions to know whether farmers are capable of managing
risks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The farmers are able to track all their
agribusiness enterprises and expenses incurred. This will ensure effective use
of Kilimo Bora loans,” said Mr. Mureithi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. David
Kabuari, Kairiri Forest Users, and Conservation CBO Chairman said that access
to credit has always been a challenge. Financial institutions always deny them
loans due to lack of proper farm records.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Most
financial institutions are always reluctant to lend to us. We are glad that
Sokopepe linked us to a micro finance institution. We are now capable of
accessing and managing credit," said Mr. Kabuari.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He said that
Sokopepe has been training the CBO on record keeping, best agricultural
practices, market information and linkages, and conservation agriculture.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“The training
has equipped us with agribusiness skills. The knowledge is helping our members
to track their agribusiness enterprises and expenses. This will help us to use
the Kilimo Bora Loan which we expect to receive soon,” said Mr. Kabuari.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UoskPoircpE/WMo_9klwnaI/AAAAAAAAD1k/swqYybtAbrEP0floqzKfIoqw94CllL30QCLcB/s1600/DSC01283.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UoskPoircpE/WMo_9klwnaI/AAAAAAAAD1k/swqYybtAbrEP0floqzKfIoqw94CllL30QCLcB/s400/DSC01283.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Members of the CBO being trained on financial literacy</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. Mureithi
has been visiting the group every week to check on the progress of their crops.
He has also been assisting individual members in filling their farm book.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He said that
Sokopepe has enabled the CBO members to plan their farm enterprises. They are
able to know the enterprises that ‘are eating’ into their profits.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The CBO has
been engaging in forest management and conservation of Timau Forest for 9
years. The CBO has a Forest Management Agreement with the Kenya Forest Service
(<a href="http://www.kenyaforestservice.org/">KFS</a>). Through the agreement,
KFS issued the group with 1.5-acre land for farming.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The group is
playing an important role in forest restoration and agroforestry. This is
helping to restore healthy, diverse, productive, and sustainable land-use
systems.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The group has
integrated apiculture with other farming activities. The CBO's 19 beehives are
helping in pollination of plants, trees, fruits, and crops. This ensures the
improvement of yields as well as promoting environmental conservation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. Kabuari
noted that apiculture enables them to get income from honey, bees wax, pollen,
propolis, bee colonies, bee brood, queen bees, and package bees.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The CBO also
owns a tree nursery that produces at least 4,000 indigenous tree seedlings and
around 3,000 exotic species. The CBO has been planting trees in Timau Forest,
individual farms, education facilities, riparian and government land. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">They have been
donating seedlings to Water Resource Users Association (WRUA), schools,
hospitals, and government departments. They are also selling to individuals.
Exotic trees retail between Ksh 10-15 while indigenous trees retail at Ksh
25-50.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Difficulty in
accessing credit facilities has hindered the productivity of most smallholder
farmers. Sokopepe is keen on financial inclusion, as it would ensure increased
income for farmers.</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-10839511529046930842017-03-08T15:13:00.003+03:002017-03-08T15:15:31.650+03:00Be bold for change: Women making a difference<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Today Sokopepe joins the World in celebrating the International Women Day 2017. This year’s theme is “Be Bold for Change.” The annual celebration is marked on March 8. This year’s celebration not only honours women who took the step to be bold for change, but also challenges everyone to take calculated and intentional bold steps to effect change in their own small way.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sokopepe is recognising and celebrating some of the bold women who are forging a better working world for others. Sokopepe has taken a bold step to effect change in their own small way by intentionally promoting women inclusion in staffing patterns, thus a workforce comprising of 62 percent women. These women have taken steps to be bold for change and are trying to ensure a more inclusive gender equal world. </span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-A3-SB_FwvS0/WL_yccbJgdI/AAAAAAAAD1Q/zcEXfnvhD3E4hfNx0S9Us_kGjKDNZ_VZgCLcB/s1600/DSC01249.JPG" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-A3-SB_FwvS0/WL_yccbJgdI/AAAAAAAAD1Q/zcEXfnvhD3E4hfNx0S9Us_kGjKDNZ_VZgCLcB/s400/DSC01249.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Women learning about Sokopepe during a training in Meru County</b></span></td></tr>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The countless acts of courage and determination carried out by these women have significantly contributed in empowering smallholder farmers in Meru County.</span><br />
<br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ms. Gladwellah Muthoni, A production Information Agent (PIA) at Sokopepe has been one of the most passionate extension officers at the social enterprise. She is a keen believer in ensuring that women have equal access to productive resources. She believes that this not only ensures that women increase agricultural productivity but also have better control of their economic destinies.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She has been leading in the provision of record keeping data, demand-driven extension services, boosting farmer’s access to information and supporting farmers in documenting their innovations and experiences.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“I am always eager to help women farmers pull down the barriers that they face. Women play a critical role in food production and in achieving food security,” said Ms. Muthoni.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On her part, Fridah Gatwiri, 26, a Production Information Agent (PIA) at Sokopepe and a leading youth farmer has been an inspiration to many aspiring farmers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She has been training farmers on record keeping, best agricultural practices, market information and linkages, conservation agriculture and the importance of high-value crops. When she is not at work, she is busy tending to her 3 acres leased farm.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Over the years I have worked through my weaknesses and imperfections. I am now proud of every step that I take in fulfilling my goals in life,” said Ms. Gatwiri.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“I always try as much as possible to make a change in women farmers. Hearing from farmers and knowing that I helped them make an informed decision always makes me proud,” said Ms. Gatwiri.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She is always eager to encourage Youth to embrace agriculture instead of searching for elusive white-collar jobs.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Zs7F4On0A3s/WL_ydBbQ8vI/AAAAAAAAD1U/v8dGtZ2mPMMoCnMLsy2Q7ui9dJAjqt_oQCLcB/s1600/DSC01041.JPG" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Zs7F4On0A3s/WL_ydBbQ8vI/AAAAAAAAD1U/v8dGtZ2mPMMoCnMLsy2Q7ui9dJAjqt_oQCLcB/s400/DSC01041.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ms. Fridah Gatwiri, a smallholder farmer based in Meru County inspecting her crops</span></b></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On her part, Ms. Judy Nkatha, Partnership and Linkages officer at Sokopepe has carved a niche in seeking for partnerships that are helping to develop and unlock services downstream in value chains.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Her dedication in seeking for partnerships has seen Sokopepe partner with seven agricultural service/product providers. This has helped to enhance good agricultural practices and to provide economical, effective, and sustainable agricultural inputs to smallholder farmers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“I always believe that tackling barriers that hold back the productivity of women farmers could usher in broader economic growth,” said Mr. Nkatha.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ms. Nkatha is always at the forefront in ensuring that women farmers are able to access and repay loans without relying on their husbands, and women are able to choose farming enterprises and make informed farming decisions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On her part, Ms. Roseline Ngusa, a Co-Director at Sokopepe has been at the social enterprise since its inception in 2014. Through Arid Lands Information Network (ALIN), she learned about challenges faced by marginalised communities and when the opportunity to be an agripreneur arose, she seized it.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Since then she has been making a social impact by working with smallholder farmers by addressing the lack of accurate production, marketing and operational data in agriculture. Her passion in mentoring female staff at Sokopepe and enthusiasm in ensuring smallholder farmers embrace record keeping and increase productivity and profitability is always palpable when she is talking about Agribusiness.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“I am an accountant with a passion for agripreneurship. Given my professional background, I know the importance of records and am sure those records can make a difference in farmer’s lives and they are able to increase productivity and profitability,” said Ms. Ngusa.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She has taken a keen interest in financial inclusion. She has been at the forefront in ensuring that Sokopepe is leveraging on existing relationships within the value chains to ensure farmers access financial services sustainably while unbanked farmers enjoy new possibilities.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“I am determined to ensure that we continue working with financial service providers to build financial literacy for smallholder farmers as well as their financial capabilities,” said Ms. Ngusa.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The disparity between women and men characterises most spheres of society. Giving women an equal opportunity and allowing them to reach their full potential is important in ensuring an inclusive gender equal society.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-30025024647695467782017-03-01T12:07:00.000+03:002017-03-01T12:08:31.301+03:00Kenyan farmers tackle crop failure by swapping seeds for seedlings<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Caroline Wambui</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">RUMURUTI, Kenya – Dressed in a navy blue sweater and a grey pair of trousers, David Mwangi bends to examine a bunch of ripe tomatoes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In this central region of Kenya, farmers’ crops struggle to germinate because of irregular and unpredictable rainfall and temperatures, leading to high crop failure. But some farmers are now turning to seed propagation, whereby their seeds are grown in a “nursery” in a greenhouse before the farmers transplant the seedlings at home.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Unlike planting seeds manually in the ground, growing them in plastic trays in greenhouses enables a better control of conditions like temperatures and shading.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-77WEawOKzos/WLaO0DSrxvI/AAAAAAAAD08/8rNKj3UeUYoocg7WKshU5TYFthiGxamRQCLcB/s1600/Seed%252Bpic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-77WEawOKzos/WLaO0DSrxvI/AAAAAAAAD08/8rNKj3UeUYoocg7WKshU5TYFthiGxamRQCLcB/s400/Seed%252Bpic.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Justus Murage, a farmer who buys vegetable seedlings himself, explained that “the seeding process at the greenhouse is automated: machines fill the trays with soil, make holes in the soil, plant the seeds and waters them before releasing them to await germination at the greenhouses.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The trays are filled with peat moss, a highly compact and absorbent matter that makes it easier for seeds to grow.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mwangi and Murage are among thousands of farmers across the country who get their seeds “propagated” in the greenhouse before transplanting them, paying about 1 Kenyan shilling per seedling depending on the type of crop.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">PLANNING IS KEY</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The seeds can take as little as less than a month to mature in the greenhouse, instead of at least 5-7 weeks when planted manually, according to Okisegere Ojepat, a horticulture expert.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Murage added that the protected environment of the greenhouse produces not only higher quality seedlings, but uniform ones.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“The more uniform seedlings are, the easier it is to plan when to harvest them, as they all mature at the same time.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“No seedling will grow taller or shorter than the other, as they all grow in optimal conditions.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mwangi agrees, saying that “I can now plan my farming strategy as I know for how long the seeds will be at the greenhouse, when I can transplant them on my farm and when I can harvest them – which wasn’t the case when I manually planted seeds myself.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The seedlings grow faster when transplanted at the farm, meaning Mwangi now has four harvesting seasons in one year – instead of three previously – allowing him to plant and sell more crops.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ojepat said that propagation ensures a germination rate of up to 97% – compared to 40-50% previously – ensuring stronger seedlings with a big root mass which lowers their chances of withering during transplant.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">COST SAVINGS</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Propagation is also helping farmers cut on costs. “Since I’ve been using the technology, I’ve saved about 25,000 Kenyan shillings per harvesting season (three months) by using less labour and experiencing less crop failure,” said Mwangi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He used to employ three people to till the land, form a seedbed, plant the seeds and transplant them – and now only needs to employ one to transplant the seedlings.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Article originally published at Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters (<a href="http://www.braced.org/news/i/?id=643716a2-5d86-44bd-bcc3-82063ebbca59">BRACED</a>).</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-2644507804273289072017-02-16T16:51:00.004+03:002017-02-16T16:54:46.055+03:00Leveraging on partnerships that helps farmers access biological pest control<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sokopepe and Kenya Biologics Ltd on February 10, 2017, at Methodist Bio-Intensive Agriculture Training Centre in Meru County strengthened their partnership when the Kenya Biologics Ltd took the Sokopepe team through Trainer of Trainers (TOT) on innovative natural solutions for pest control.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The two companies signed a partnership agreement in December 2016 to help in adoptions of Tuta Absoluta kit and farm records management information System (<a href="http://farmis.co.ke/">FARMIS</a>).In addition, the partnership is helping farmers in Meru County to increase productivity and profitability.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. Willis Okwacho, Mount Kenya Region Sales, and Marketing Manager at <a href="http://www.kenyabiologics.com/">Kenya Biologics Ltd</a> said that the Bio-Pesticide producing Company supports sustainable food production by providing green, safe, and cost effective farm inputs.<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-r-yt8wRFIEU/WKWtu-xNFYI/AAAAAAAAD0k/O-ZmS4gPcksTUQwjV6cuBpOa2eFwGTpvQCLcB/s1600/DSC01368.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-r-yt8wRFIEU/WKWtu-xNFYI/AAAAAAAAD0k/O-ZmS4gPcksTUQwjV6cuBpOa2eFwGTpvQCLcB/s400/DSC01368.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Sokopepe staff being shown how to use TUTRACK lure</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He trained the Sokopepe team on use of TUTRACK innovation, which monitors and controls Tuta Absoluta (Tomato leafminer). Tuta absoluta is a tomato moth that can cause 100 percent loss in tomatoes. The moth hides inside leaves and develops fast resistance in hot climates. It has proven challenging to control.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The pest usually affects both tomatoes in green houses and open fields. Without proper care, a farmer can experience 100 percent yield loss due to Tuta absoluta.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Willis mentioned that the TUTRACK lure contains pheromones, which attract the male Tuta absoluta moth. Once the male is exposed to the pheromone, it follows the source and is led into a sticky trap. This helps to control the pest’s ability to continue multiplying. The mass trapping system consists of TUTRACK lure and a trap. The innovation is unique as the lure is designed for the Kenyan market.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He said that an acre requires 10 TUTRACK traps. The traps are placed not more than 40 cm above ground level as the Tuta Absoluta moth flies low. Farmers can opt for the delta-shaped TUTRACK or its water trap version or a combination of both.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Effectiveness of chemical control is limited due to insect's nature of damage as well as its rapid capability of development of insecticide resistant strains,” said Mr. Okwacho. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">He said that Tuta absoluta eggs are just 0.5 mm long. They live on the underside of young leaves or on the stems. A female can lay 260 eggs. The larvae usually feed upon tomato plants. They produce large galleries in leaves. They burrow in stalks and consume apical buds and green and ripe fruits. They are most destructive at larvae stage.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Symptoms of Tuta Absoluta include puncture marks on the surface where the larvae have entered, abnormal shape, exit holes, rot due to secondary infective agents and frass produced at stem nodes where larvae have bored into the stem.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. Okwacho also took the Sokopepe team through use of yellow traps that manage white flies and blue traps for thrips.</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6L4zDsWoAKQ/WKWtv7g37rI/AAAAAAAAD0o/pet0n290G5wf4D_4ax1pw0EQl1PeDDNxQCLcB/s1600/DSC01372.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6L4zDsWoAKQ/WKWtv7g37rI/AAAAAAAAD0o/pet0n290G5wf4D_4ax1pw0EQl1PeDDNxQCLcB/s400/DSC01372.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Sokopepe staff being shown how to manage white flies using yellow sticky trap</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ms. Judith Nkatha, Partnership, and Linkages Officer at Sokopepe said that through the partnership farmers are able to access affordable and efficacious pesticides that do not harm the environment or leave any residue on crops.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She said that <a href="http://sokopepe.co.ke/">Sokopepe</a> is leveraging on partnerships to develop stronger value chains and systems that lead to improved productivity and increased income for smallholder farmers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She noted that through this partnership farmers are reducing chemical residues on crops, improve pest control, and improve on their farm record keeping data. She said that Sokopepe is happy with the increased extension support by the Kenya Biologics Ltd in urging more farmers to adopt biological pest control. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“We will always embrace partners who bring biological solutions to farmers. We hope this will reduce levels of chemical residues in farm produce,” said Ms. Nkatha. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On his part, Mr Okwacho said that the partnership has helped to increase adoptions of the Tuta Absoluta kit, yellow and the blue traps.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Support for the two companies is by the United States Agency for International Development (<a href="http://www.usaid.gov/kenya">USAID</a>) through the Feed the Future Kenya Innovation Engine (<a href="http://kfie.net/">KIE</a>). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Biological controls are ecologically sustainable and safe crop protection solutions. They are selective to the pest problem and provide a safer environment for farmers, consumers and the environment</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">According to the International Plant Protection Convention (<a href="https://www.ippc.int/en/countries/Kenya/pestreports/2014/06/new-pest-in-kenya-preliminary-surveillance-report-on-tuta-absoluta-preliminary-report-by-kenya/">IPPC</a>), the government of Kenya has put in place elaborate trapping program and pest management that includes integrated pest management, use of traps, introduction of biological control agents and imposition of quarantine in affected areas.</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894548424427942015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692799932795459373.post-4289099178447088942017-02-09T18:05:00.000+03:002017-02-09T18:39:26.715+03:00Sokopepe Newsletter: Enhancing informed farmer decision making<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By Bob Aston</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We are pleased to present issue 2 of Sokopepe Newsletter. The issue is a joint effort between Arid Lands Information Network (</span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://alin.or.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ALIN</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">) and </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://sokopepe.co.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sokopepe Ltd</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This is an exciting third year for Sokopepe. We welcomed 2017 with a strong commitment and enthusiasm. This year promises to bring a lot of success for Sokopepe owing to the magnificent work that we did in 2016. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5bI8kCxhh24/WJyE2fJefVI/AAAAAAAAD0Q/C9qxBL1-ugsFO0lqUENVOZcrSivK7_1SgCLcB/s1600/Sokopepe%2BNewsletter%2Bissue%2B2%2Bpg1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5bI8kCxhh24/WJyE2fJefVI/AAAAAAAAD0Q/C9qxBL1-ugsFO0lqUENVOZcrSivK7_1SgCLcB/s400/Sokopepe%2BNewsletter%2Bissue%2B2%2Bpg1.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sokopepe Newsletter issue 2</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">For close to 2 years, Sokopepe with support from the United States Agency for International Development (</span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://www.usaid.gov/kenya"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">USAID</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">) through the Feed the Future Kenya Innovation Engine (</span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://kfie.net/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KIE</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">) has been piloting the Farm Records Management Information System (FARMIS) innovation to 5 and then 9 Sub-counties in Meru County.
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Our </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://farmis.co.ke/"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">FARMIS</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> innovation provides the evidence base that farmers need to make an informed decision. Our dream is to make FARMIS the planning tool for county governments in Kenya and work with partners to create a regional ‘ food map’ as part of the agriculture transformation. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We believe that improving food security requires us all to join forces. We want partners and farmers to believe with us. Join us and let us work together to make a difference in farmers lives. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">We believe that FARMIS data when aggregated overtime and wider usage offers potential of growing a big database which will aid the Government and value chain actors in designing interventions that would improve crop production as well as develop appropriate solutions to meet the peripheral challenges that hamper food production. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The change of farmer attitude and in embracing record keeping is what motivates us. We are glad that farmers are realizing the importance of record keeping in agribusiness. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Our phenomenal team in Meru County has started the year on a high note. It is an incredible feeling to know that our team is still eager to work with farmers and ensure that they use farm records to increase productivity and profitability.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is our hope that readers will find the 2<sup>nd</sup> issue of Sokopepe Newsletter as informative and that it would give them a deeper understanding of what we are doing. You can download a copy of the newsletter </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_fFxBqDllK7UW5xdlh0VUtNWU0/view?usp=sharing"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">here</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span></div>
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